{"id":5590,"date":"2025-12-12T17:00:49","date_gmt":"2025-12-12T15:00:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ichernihivets.com\/?p=5590"},"modified":"2025-12-12T17:00:53","modified_gmt":"2025-12-12T15:00:53","slug":"1-kub-vody-cze-skilky-litriv-vytraty-ta-ekonomiya","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ichernihivets.com\/uk\/5590-1-kub-vody-cze-skilky-litriv-vytraty-ta-ekonomiya","title":{"rendered":"1 \u043a\u0443\u0431 \u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438 \u2013 \u0446\u0435 \u0441\u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438 \u043b\u0456\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0432? \u0412\u0438\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0442\u0430 \u0435\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0456\u044f"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0412\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u2013 \u0446\u0435 \u0436\u0438\u0442\u0442\u0454\u0432\u043e \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441, \u044f\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0438 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ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/ichernihivets.com\/uk\/5590-1-kub-vody-cze-skilky-litriv-vytraty-ta-ekonomiya\/#%D0%AF%D0%BA_%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8E_%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B7_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%B2_%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0\" >\u042f\u043a \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0445\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0435\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0456\u044e: \u0410\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0437 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0456\u0432 \u043b\u0456\u0447\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/ichernihivets.com\/uk\/5590-1-kub-vody-cze-skilky-litriv-vytraty-ta-ekonomiya\/#%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%81%D1%8F%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F\" >\u0412\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043c\u0456\u0441\u044f\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/ichernihivets.com\/uk\/5590-1-kub-vody-cze-skilky-litriv-vytraty-ta-ekonomiya\/#%D0%9E%D1%86%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%96_%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%97\" >\u041e\u0446\u0456\u043d\u043a\u0430 \u0435\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u0435\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0456\u0457<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/ichernihivets.com\/uk\/5590-1-kub-vody-cze-skilky-litriv-vytraty-ta-ekonomiya\/#%D0%9A%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%87%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%96_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%97_%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%97_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8_%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82\" >\u041a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u043e\u0432\u0456 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0433\u0456\u0457 \u0435\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0456\u0457 \u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438 \u0442\u0430 \u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0432\u0438\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/ichernihivets.com\/uk\/5590-1-kub-vody-cze-skilky-litriv-vytraty-ta-ekonomiya\/#1_%D0%A3%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%B2_%E2%80%93_%E2%80%9C%D0%A2%D0%B8%D1%85%D1%96_%D0%B7%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%96%D1%97%E2%80%9D_%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%82%D1%80%D1%96%D0%B2\" >1. \u0423\u0441\u0443\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0432\u0438\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0456\u0432 \u2013 &#8220;\u0422\u0438\u0445\u0456 \u0437\u043b\u043e\u0434\u0456\u0457&#8221; \u043b\u0456\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0432<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/ichernihivets.com\/uk\/5590-1-kub-vody-cze-skilky-litriv-vytraty-ta-ekonomiya\/#2_%D0%9E%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%97_%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B8\" >2. \u041e\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0441\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0456\u043a\u0438 \u0442\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0431\u0443\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0457 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0456\u043a\u0438<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/ichernihivets.com\/uk\/5590-1-kub-vody-cze-skilky-litriv-vytraty-ta-ekonomiya\/#3_%D0%97%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BE%D0%BA_%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%89%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D1%81%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%96\" >3. \u0417\u043c\u0456\u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0432\u0438\u0447\u043e\u043a \u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0456\u0434\u0432\u0438\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0441\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/ichernihivets.com\/uk\/5590-1-kub-vody-cze-skilky-litriv-vytraty-ta-ekonomiya\/#%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C_%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%83_%D0%92%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%B2\" >\u0412\u0430\u0436\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0456\u043d\u0434\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0434\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0456\u043a\u0443: \u0412\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043b\u0456\u0447\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0456\u0432<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/ichernihivets.com\/uk\/5590-1-kub-vody-cze-skilky-litriv-vytraty-ta-ekonomiya\/#%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B8_%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0\" >\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0430\u0433\u0438 \u043b\u0456\u0447\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/ichernihivets.com\/uk\/5590-1-kub-vody-cze-skilky-litriv-vytraty-ta-ekonomiya\/#%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%A1%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5_%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F_%E2%80%93_%D1%86%D0%B5_%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F\" >\u0412\u0438\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438: \u0421\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043e\u043c\u0435 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u2013 \u0446\u0435 \u0435\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0456\u044f<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%92%D1%96%D0%B4_%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%B1%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D1%96%D0%B2_%D0%B4%D0%BE_%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%82%D1%80%D1%96%D0%B2\"><\/span><strong>\u041a\u043e\u043d\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0456\u044f: \u0412\u0456\u0434 \u043a\u0443\u0431\u0456\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0432 \u0434\u043e \u043b\u0456\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0432<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0423 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0456 \u0421\u0406 (\u041c\u0456\u0436\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044c) \u043e\u0431\u2019\u0454\u043c \u0440\u0456\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0442\u0430 \u0433\u0430\u0437\u0456\u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0456\u0448\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u043c\u0456\u0440\u044e\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 <strong>\u043b\u0456\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0445<\/strong> \u0430\u0431\u043e <strong>\u043a\u0443\u0431\u0456\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0445<\/strong>. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438 \u0456\u0441\u043d\u0443\u0454 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u0442\u0430 \u0443\u043d\u0456\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f:<br><strong>1 \u043a\u0443\u0431\u0456\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440 (1 \u043c\u00b3) \u0434\u043e\u0440\u0456\u0432\u043d\u044e\u0454 1000 \u043b\u0456\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043c (1000 \u043b).<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"675\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.ichernihivets.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2025\/12\/image-14.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-5591\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cdn.ichernihivets.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2025\/12\/image-14.png 1200w, https:\/\/cdn.ichernihivets.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2025\/12\/image-14-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/cdn.ichernihivets.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2025\/12\/image-14-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/cdn.ichernihivets.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2025\/12\/image-14-696x392.png 696w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0426\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0436\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0454 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u0434\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u044e \u0456 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0438 \u0447\u0438 \u0442\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443 \u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438 (\u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0431\u0443\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0445 \u0443\u043c\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0445).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F\"><\/span>\u041f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u041a\u043e\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u0438 \u0434\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043b\u0456\u0447\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438, \u0446\u0438\u0444\u0440\u0438, \u044f\u043a \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043e, \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0431\u2019\u0454\u043c \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0457 \u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u0435 \u0432 \u043a\u0443\u0431\u0456\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0445 (\u043c\u00b3). \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0447\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043c, \u044f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u043b\u0456\u0447\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0432, \u0449\u043e \u0437\u0430 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u044f\u0446\u044c \u0432\u0438 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438 <strong>4 \u043c\u00b3<\/strong> \u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438, \u0446\u0435 \u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0454, \u0449\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u0441\u044f\u0433 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0457 \u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c $4 \\times 1000 = <strong>4000$ \u043b\u0456\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0432<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>1 \u043c\u00b3 = 1000 \u043b\u0456\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0432<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>100 \u043b\u0456\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0432 = 0,1 \u043c\u00b3<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>1 \u043b\u0456\u0442\u0440 = 0,001 \u043c\u00b3<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0426\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0454 \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0443\u043c\u0456\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0445\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0456\u0432, \u0434\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0444 \u0437\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0439 \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u044e\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u043a\u0443\u0431\u0456\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440. \u0420\u043e\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0445\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a \u0432\u0438\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0437\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043c:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\u0412\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c = \u041e\u0431'\u0454\u043c (\u043c\u00b3) \u00d7 \u0422\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0444 (\u0433\u0440\u043d\/\u043c\u00b3)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%96_%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B8_%D1%82%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%96_%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8_%D0%B2_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%82%D1%96\"><\/span><strong>\u0421\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0456 \u043d\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438 \u0442\u0430 \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0456 \u0432\u0438\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438 \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0456<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0421\u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438 \u0436 \u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438 \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044c\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0454 \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0447\u0438 \u0441\u0456\u043c\u2019\u044f? \u041d\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0443\u0442\u044c \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0440\u0456\u0437\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0441\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0438, \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0456\u043e\u043d\u0443, \u043d\u0430\u044f\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0433\u0430\u0440\u044f\u0447\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0442\u0430, \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0456\u0448\u0435, \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u0437\u0432\u0438\u0447\u043e\u043a \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0447\u0456\u0432.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D0%9E%D1%80%D1%96%D1%94%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BD%D1%96_%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BD%D1%96_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%96_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B8\"><\/span>\u041e\u0440\u0456\u0454\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0456 \u0432\u0438\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0456 \u043f\u043e\u0431\u0443\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0456 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0438<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0420\u043e\u0437\u0443\u043c\u0456\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0441\u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438 \u043b\u0456\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0432 (\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u0436\u0435, \u0456 \u043a\u0443\u0431\u0456\u0432) \u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0454 \u043a\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d \u043f\u043e\u0431\u0443\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0434 \u0447\u0438 \u0434\u0456\u044f, \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0454 \u0432\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0456\u0439\u043d\u0456 \u0437\u043e\u043d\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0435\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0456\u0457.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0414\u0456\u044f\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c\/\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0434<\/th>\n<th>\u041e\u0440\u0456\u0454\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438<\/th>\n<th>\u0423 \u043a\u0443\u0431\u0456\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0445 (\u043c\u00b3)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u0439\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0442\u044f \u0434\u0443\u0448\u0443 (5-10 \u0445\u0432)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>50 \u2013 100 \u043b\u0456\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0432<\/td>\n<td>0,05 \u2013 0,1 \u043c\u00b3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u0439\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0442\u044f \u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0438<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>150 \u2013 250 \u043b\u0456\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0432<\/td>\n<td>0,15 \u2013 0,25 \u043c\u00b3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0417\u043c\u0438\u0432 \u0443\u043d\u0456\u0442\u0430\u0437\u0443 (\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>9 \u2013 12 \u043b\u0456\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0432<\/td>\n<td>0,009 \u2013 0,012 \u043c\u00b3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0417\u043c\u0438\u0432 \u0443\u043d\u0456\u0442\u0430\u0437\u0443 (\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\/\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u043d\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>3 \u2013 6 \u043b\u0456\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0432<\/td>\n<td>0,003 \u2013 0,006 \u043c\u00b3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u041f\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f (\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>40 \u2013 80 \u043b\u0456\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0432<\/td>\n<td>0,04 \u2013 0,08 \u043c\u00b3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u041c\u0438\u0442\u0442\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0443 \u0432\u0440\u0443\u0447\u043d\u0443<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>20 \u2013 100 \u043b\u0456\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0432<\/td>\n<td>0,02 \u2013 0,1 \u043c\u00b3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u041f\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0439\u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0430<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>9 \u2013 20 \u043b\u0456\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0432<\/td>\n<td>0,009 \u2013 0,02 \u043c\u00b3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0456\u043a\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043a\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0430 (\u0437\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0443)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u0414\u043e 200 \u043b\u0456\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0432<\/td>\n<td>\u0414\u043e 0,2 \u043c\u00b3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D0%AF%D0%BA_%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8E_%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B7_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%B2_%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0\"><\/span><strong>\u042f\u043a \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0445\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0435\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0456\u044e: \u0410\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0437 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0456\u0432 \u043b\u0456\u0447\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0414\u043b\u044f \u0435\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0457 <strong>\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0456\u0457 \u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438<\/strong> \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u0456\u0434\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0457\u0457 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f. \u041b\u0456\u0447\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a \u0454 \u043d\u0430\u0439\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0438\u043c \u0456\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0446\u044c\u043e\u0433\u043e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%81%D1%8F%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F\"><\/span>\u0412\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043c\u0456\u0441\u044f\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0429\u043e\u0431 \u0434\u0456\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u044f, \u0441\u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438 \u043a\u0443\u0431\u0456\u0432 \u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438 \u0432\u0438 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0437\u0430 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u044f\u0446\u044c, \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0431\u043d\u043e:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0417\u0430\u0444\u0456\u043a\u0441\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 <strong>\u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043b\u0456\u0447\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043a \u043c\u0456\u0441\u044f\u0446\u044f<\/strong> (\u0430\u0431\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u0442\u0443 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044c\u043e\u0457 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0456 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0445).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0417\u0430\u0444\u0456\u043a\u0441\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 <strong>\u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043b\u0456\u0447\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0456\u043d\u0435\u0446\u044c \u043c\u0456\u0441\u044f\u0446\u044f<\/strong> (\u0430\u0431\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0443 \u0434\u0430\u0442\u0443).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0412\u0456\u0434\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0433\u043e.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434: \u041d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043a \u043c\u0456\u0441\u044f\u0446\u044f \u043b\u0456\u0447\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0432 <strong>0045,123 \u043c\u00b3<\/strong>. \u041d\u0430 \u043a\u0456\u043d\u0435\u0446\u044c \u043c\u0456\u0441\u044f\u0446\u044f \u2013 <strong>0049,523 \u043c\u00b3<\/strong>.<br>\u0421\u043f\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0442\u043e = 49,523 &#8211; 45,123 = <strong>4,4<\/strong> \u043c\u00b3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0426\u0435 \u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0454, \u0449\u043e \u0431\u0443\u043b\u043e \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e 4,4 \u043a\u0443\u0431\u0430, \u0430\u0431\u043e <strong>4400<\/strong> \u043b\u0456\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0432 \u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D0%9E%D1%86%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%96_%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%97\"><\/span>\u041e\u0446\u0456\u043d\u043a\u0430 \u0435\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u0435\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0456\u0457<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0443\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0456\u0441\u044f\u0446\u044f \u0432\u0438 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0436\u0438\u043b\u0438 <strong>5 \u043c\u00b3<\/strong>, \u0430 \u0446\u044c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u2013 <strong>4,4 \u043c\u00b3<\/strong>, \u0432\u0430\u0448\u0430 \u0435\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0456\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c <strong>0,6<\/strong> <strong>\u043a\u0443\u0431\u0430<\/strong> (\u0430\u0431\u043e 600 \u043b\u0456\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0432). \u041f\u0440\u0438 \u0442\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0444\u0456, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434, 30 \u0433\u0440\u043d\/\u043c\u00b3, \u0435\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0456\u044f \u0441\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0435 $0,6 \\times 30 = <strong>18<\/strong> <strong>\u0433\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u043d\u044c<\/strong>. \u0426\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0435\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u044e \u0441\u0443\u043c\u043e\u044e, \u0430\u043b\u0435 \u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0448\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0445 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443 \u0442\u0430 \u0437 \u0443\u0440\u0430\u0445\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f\u043c \u0433\u0430\u0440\u044f\u0447\u043e\u0457 \u0456 \u0445\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0456\u043c\u0435\u0439, <strong>\u0437\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430 \u0435\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0456\u044f<\/strong> \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u043d\u043e\u044e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D0%9A%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%87%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%96_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%97_%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%97_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8_%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82\"><\/span>\u041a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u043e\u0432\u0456 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0433\u0456\u0457 \u0435\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0456\u0457 \u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438 \u0442\u0430 \u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0432\u0438\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0417\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438 \u2013 \u0446\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u043b\u0438\u0448\u0435 \u0435\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0456\u044f \u0433\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0435\u0439, \u0430\u043b\u0435 \u0439 \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0441\u043e\u043a \u0443 \u0437\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0456\u0432. <strong>1 \u043a\u0443\u0431 \u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438<\/strong> \u2013 \u0446\u0435 \u0431\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0442\u043e, \u0456 \u0439\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043e\u0449\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0438.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"960\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.ichernihivets.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2025\/12\/image-15.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-5593\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cdn.ichernihivets.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2025\/12\/image-15.png 960w, https:\/\/cdn.ichernihivets.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2025\/12\/image-15-300x225.png 300w, https:\/\/cdn.ichernihivets.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2025\/12\/image-15-768x576.png 768w, https:\/\/cdn.ichernihivets.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2025\/12\/image-15-696x522.png 696w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_%D0%A3%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%B2_%E2%80%93_%E2%80%9C%D0%A2%D0%B8%D1%85%D1%96_%D0%B7%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%96%D1%97%E2%80%9D_%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%82%D1%80%D1%96%D0%B2\"><\/span>1. \u0423\u0441\u0443\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0432\u0438\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0456\u0432 \u2013 &#8220;\u0422\u0438\u0445\u0456 \u0437\u043b\u043e\u0434\u0456\u0457&#8221; \u043b\u0456\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0432<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u041d\u0430\u0439\u0431\u0456\u043b\u044c\u0448 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u043d\u0456, \u0430\u043b\u0435 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0435\u043f\u043e\u043c\u0456\u0442\u043d\u0456 \u0432\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0431\u0443\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0432\u0438\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0438. <strong>\u041a\u0430\u043f\u0430\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u043d<\/strong> \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435 &#8220;\u0432\u0438\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438&#8221; \u0434\u043e 20 \u043b\u0456\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0432 \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0443, \u0430 <strong>\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0456\u043a\u0430\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0439 \u0443\u043d\u0456\u0442\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0431\u0430\u0447\u043e\u043a<\/strong> \u2013 \u0434\u043e \u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0445 \u0441\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043d\u044c \u043b\u0456\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0432.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0420\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0456\u0440\u043a\u0430:<\/strong> \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0456\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0456 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438, \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0431\u0438 \u0442\u0430 \u0437\u043b\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0456\u0437\u043c \u0443\u043d\u0456\u0442\u0430\u0437\u0443.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0417\u0430\u043c\u0456\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043e\u043a:<\/strong> \u0412\u0447\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0456\u043d\u044e\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0456 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0438 \u0442\u0430 \u0443\u0449\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044e\u0432\u0430\u0447\u0456 \u0432 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0445.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0422\u0435\u0441\u0442 \u0443\u043d\u0456\u0442\u0430\u0437\u0443:<\/strong> \u0414\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u043e\u0445\u0438 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0447\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0431\u0430\u0440\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0432 \u0431\u0430\u0447\u043e\u043a. \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432 \u0443\u043d\u0456\u0442\u0430\u0437\u0456 \u0437\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0437\u043c\u0438\u0432\u0443, \u0443 \u0432\u0430\u0441 \u0454 \u0432\u0438\u0442\u0456\u043a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_%D0%9E%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%97_%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B8\"><\/span>2. \u041e\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0441\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0456\u043a\u0438 \u0442\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0431\u0443\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0457 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0456\u043a\u0438<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0406\u043d\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0432 \u0441\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0448\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043a\u043e \u043e\u043a\u0443\u043f\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0410\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438:<\/strong> \u0426\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0456 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0438, \u044f\u043a\u0456 \u0437\u043c\u0456\u0448\u0443\u044e\u0442\u044c \u0432\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0437 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0442\u0440\u044f\u043c, \u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044e\u044e\u0447\u0438 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0447\u0443\u0442\u0442\u044f \u0441\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0448\u0456\u0439 \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0456\u0439 \u0432\u0438\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0456. <strong>\u0415\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0456\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438<\/strong> \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u0441\u044f\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0438 30-50%.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0423\u043d\u0456\u0442\u0430\u0437\u0438 \u0437 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0432\u0456\u0439\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0437\u043b\u0438\u0432\u043e\u043c:<\/strong> \u0414\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 3 \u0430\u0431\u043e 6 \u043b\u0456\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0432 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u0438\u0445 9-12.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0415\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0435\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0456\u043a\u0430:<\/strong> \u0421\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u043d\u0456 <strong>\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0439\u043d\u0456<\/strong> \u0442\u0430 <strong>\u043f\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0456 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0438<\/strong> \u0437 \u0432\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u043e\u043c \u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0435\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456 (\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434, A+++) \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u043d\u043e \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0448\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438, \u043d\u0456\u0436 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0456 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0456 \u0430\u0431\u043e \u0440\u0443\u0447\u043d\u0435 \u043c\u0438\u0442\u0442\u044f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_%D0%97%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BE%D0%BA_%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%89%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D1%81%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%96\"><\/span>3. \u0417\u043c\u0456\u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0432\u0438\u0447\u043e\u043a \u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0456\u0434\u0432\u0438\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0441\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u041d\u0430\u0439\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456\u0448\u0456 \u0437\u043c\u0456\u043d\u0438 \u0432 \u0449\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0456\u0439 \u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0456 \u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0431\u0456\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0435\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0414\u0443\u0448 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0438:<\/strong> <strong>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u0439\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0442\u044f \u0434\u0443\u0448\u0443<\/strong> \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044c\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0438\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0454 \u0432 2-3 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0448\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438, \u043d\u0456\u0436 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0438.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0417\u0430\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u043d:<\/strong> \u0412\u0438\u043c\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0434\u0443, \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u0438, \u0433\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0430\u0431\u043e \u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438\u043b\u044e\u0454\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434. \u0426\u0435 \u0435\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e 10-20 \u043b\u0456\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0432 \u0449\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u041f\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b:<\/strong> \u0417\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443 \u0442\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0439\u043d\u0443 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0438 \u043b\u0438\u0448\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u0434\u0456, \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u043e\u043d\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044e \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0456.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u041f\u043e\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f:<\/strong> \u0412\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u043f\u0456\u0441\u043b\u044f \u043c\u0438\u0442\u0442\u044f \u043e\u0432\u043e\u0447\u0456\u0432 \u0430\u0431\u043e \u0444\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0456\u0432 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0443 \u043a\u0456\u043c\u043d\u0430\u0442\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0438\u043d.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C_%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%83_%D0%92%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%B2\"><\/span>\u0412\u0430\u0436\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0456\u043d\u0434\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0434\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0456\u043a\u0443: \u0412\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043b\u0456\u0447\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0456\u0432<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u041d\u0430\u044f\u0432\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043b\u0456\u0447\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438 \u0454 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u0456\u0434\u043d\u043e\u044e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u0432\u043e\u044e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0457 \u0442\u0430 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u043e\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0433.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B8_%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0\"><\/span>\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0430\u0433\u0438 \u043b\u0456\u0447\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0421\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c:<\/strong> \u0412\u0438 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043b\u0438\u0448\u0435 \u0437\u0430 \u0442\u043e\u0439 <strong>\u043e\u0431&#8217;\u0454\u043c \u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438<\/strong>, \u044f\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0456 \u043d\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u041a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c:<\/strong> \u041b\u0456\u0447\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a \u0434\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0454 \u0449\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0436\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u0438\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0456 \u0448\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043a\u043e \u0432\u0438\u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0442\u0438 \u0430\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f (\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0438\u0442\u0456\u043a).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u041c\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0446\u0456\u044f:<\/strong> \u0427\u0456\u0442\u043a\u0435 \u0431\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0445 <strong>\u043a\u0443\u0431\u0456\u0432 \u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438<\/strong> \u0441\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0443\u043b\u044e\u0454 \u0434\u043e <strong>\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0456\u0457<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"675\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.ichernihivets.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2025\/12\/image-16.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-5595\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cdn.ichernihivets.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2025\/12\/image-16.png 1200w, https:\/\/cdn.ichernihivets.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2025\/12\/image-16-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/cdn.ichernihivets.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2025\/12\/image-16-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/cdn.ichernihivets.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2025\/12\/image-16-696x392.png 696w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%A1%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5_%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F_%E2%80%93_%D1%86%D0%B5_%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F\"><\/span>\u0412\u0438\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438: \u0421\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043e\u043c\u0435 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u2013 \u0446\u0435 \u0435\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0456\u044f<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0412\u0456\u0434\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0434\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u00ab<strong>1 \u043a\u0443\u0431 \u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438 \u2013 \u0446\u0435 \u0441\u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438 \u043b\u0456\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0432?<\/strong>\u00bb \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u2013 <strong>1000 \u043b\u0456\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0432<\/strong>. \u041e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043a \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0436\u043d\u044f \u0446\u0456\u043d\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0446\u044c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0433\u0430\u0454 \u0432 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043b\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0442\u0430 \u043e\u043f\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0456\u0437\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u043b\u0430\u0441\u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f.<br>\u041a\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d \u0437\u0430\u043e\u0449\u0430\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 <strong>\u043a\u0443\u0431\u0456\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440<\/strong> \u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u043b\u0438\u0448\u0435 \u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0448\u0443\u0454 \u0432\u0430\u0448 \u0440\u0430\u0445\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a \u0437\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0456 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0433\u0438, \u0430\u043b\u0435 \u0439 \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0454 \u0437\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044e \u0432\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0456\u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u043e\u0457 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0442\u0438. \u0417\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0447\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0442\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0447\u0438 \u0441\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u043d\u0443 \u0441\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0456\u043a\u0443, \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u044f\u0433\u0442\u0438 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0457 <strong>\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0456\u0457<\/strong> \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0448\u043a\u043e\u0434\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0444\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0443.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0412\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u2013 \u0446\u0435 \u0436\u0438\u0442\u0442\u0454\u0432\u043e \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441, \u044f\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0438 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0454\u043c\u043e \u0449\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f. \u041e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043a, \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0456\u043a\u0443 \u0457\u0457 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0442\u0430 \u043e\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0433, \u0431\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0442\u043e \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0447\u0456\u0432 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